A GIS-based 15-Minute City accessibility framework for sustainable urban mobility planning in Jizzakh

Abstract

The 15-minute city (15MC) reframes urban mobility around access to daily needs rather than the volume of motorised travel. This paper develops a research framework for adapting the concept to Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, where previous mobility studies have identified rapid motorization, limited public-transport spatial coverage and concentration of bus routes on common corridors. The article does not present a completed 15-minute accessibility map; instead, it integrates recent GIS- based 15mC methods with the author’s existing research on population mobility and public transport to define a reproducible study design. The framework measures walking access to essential destinations through network-based 5-, 10- and 15-minute isochrones, evaluates public-transport supply as a complementary accessibility layer, and identifies underserved residential areas through population-weighted indicators. Six destination groups are proposed: education, healthcare, food and daily retail, public services, recreation/green space, and public transport. A scenario stage then tests whether targeted facility placement, pedestrian-network improvement and public-transport reconfiguration reduce accessibility deficits. The framework is designed for a medium-sized Central Asian city and explicitly avoids treating a uniform 15-minute threshold as proof of equitable access. Its contribution is a transparent methodological bridge between Jizzakh’s existing transport-network evidence and a future proximity-based urban planning study.